@prefix psr: <http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/PSR> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

psr:-QJX0PFSZ-1
  skos:prefLabel "real part"@en, "partie réelle"@fr ;
  skos:exactMatch <https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partie_r%C3%A9elle>, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_number#Definition> ;
  dc:modified "2024-10-18"^^xsd:date ;
  skos:inScheme psr: ;
  skos:definition """En mathématiques, la <b>partie réelle</b> d’un nombre complexe <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle z}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>z</mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle z}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bf368e72c009decd9b6686ee84a375632e11de98" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.088ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="z"></span> qui s'écrit sous la forme <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle z=x+iy}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>z</mi>         <mo>=</mo>         <mi>x</mi>         <mo>+</mo>         <mi>i</mi>         <mi>y</mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle z=x+iy}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/08e90bb6b36fef59c6113eed2a08f10d77240741" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:10.315ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="z=x+iy"></span> (où <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle x}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>x</mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle x}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="x"></span> et <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle y}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>y</mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle y}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b8a6208ec717213d4317e666f1ae872e00620a0d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.155ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="y"></span> sont des réels) est <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle x}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>x</mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle x}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="x"></span>. Autrement dit, si le nombre complexe <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle z}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>z</mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle z}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bf368e72c009decd9b6686ee84a375632e11de98" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.088ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="z"></span> a pour image le point de coordonnées <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle (x,y)}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>         <mi>x</mi>         <mo>,</mo>         <mi>y</mi>         <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle (x,y)}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/41cf50e4a314ca8e2c30964baa8d26e5be7a9386" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:5.328ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="(x,y)"></span> dans le plan, alors sa partie réelle est <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle x}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>x</mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle x}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="x"></span>. Il s'agit d'un nombre réel. La partie réelle est notée Re{<i>z</i>} ou <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle \\\\Re }">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi mathvariant="normal">ℜ<!-- ℜ --></mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle \\\\Re }</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2cc5a2cb7aa22f6d765976edb1daebefaf408142" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="\\\\Re "></span>{<i>z</i>}, où <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle \\\\Re }">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi mathvariant="normal">ℜ<!-- ℜ --></mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle \\\\Re }</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2cc5a2cb7aa22f6d765976edb1daebefaf408142" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="\\\\Re "></span> est un R capital en caractères Fraktur. La fonction complexe qui associe à <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle z}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>z</mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle z}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bf368e72c009decd9b6686ee84a375632e11de98" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.088ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="z"></span> la partie réelle de <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle z}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>z</mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle z}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bf368e72c009decd9b6686ee84a375632e11de98" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.088ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="z"></span> n'est pas holomorphe. En utilisant la notion de conjugué <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle {\\ar {z}}}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">           <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">             <mover>               <mi>z</mi>               <mo stretchy="false">¯<!-- ¯ --></mo>             </mover>           </mrow>         </mrow>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle {\\ar {z}}}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/52dd0599595d539f7d757ec21da6c6e6ac3ad427" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.296ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\\ar  {z}}"></span> d'un nombre complexe <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle z}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>z</mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle z}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bf368e72c009decd9b6686ee84a375632e11de98" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.088ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="z"></span>, la partie réelle de <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle z}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>z</mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle z}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bf368e72c009decd9b6686ee84a375632e11de98" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.088ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="z"></span> est égale à <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle z+{\\ar {z}} \\\\over 2}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mfrac>         <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">           <mi>z</mi>           <mo>+</mo>           <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">             <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">               <mover>                 <mi>z</mi>                 <mo stretchy="false">¯<!-- ¯ --></mo>               </mover>             </mrow>           </mrow>         </mstyle>         <mn>2</mn>       </mfrac>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle z+{\\ar {z}} \\\\over 2}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1f7e847832131c70398b2ec2d4589fcb28bf293c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:6.061ex; height:5.009ex;" alt="{z+{\\ar  z} \\\\over 2}"></span>. Pour un nombre complexe sous forme polaire, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle z=(r,\\	heta )}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>z</mi>         <mo>=</mo>         <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>         <mi>r</mi>         <mo>,</mo>         <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>         <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle z=(r,\\	heta )}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8004aa30673dd3cb05a7e9556dde2bfbdfb5ad0c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:9.169ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="z=(r,\\	heta )"></span>, les coordonnées cartésiennes (algébriques) sont <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle z=(r\\\\cos \\	heta ,r\\\\sin \\	heta )}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>z</mi>         <mo>=</mo>         <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>         <mi>r</mi>         <mi>cos</mi>         <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>         <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>         <mo>,</mo>         <mi>r</mi>         <mi>sin</mi>         <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>         <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>         <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle z=(r\\\\cos \\	heta ,r\\\\sin \\	heta )}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e256a7376d06478ea7df477c6622a9990c14e0b7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.823ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="z=(r\\\\cos \\	heta ,r\\\\sin \\	heta )"></span>, ou de façon équivalente, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle z=r(\\\\cos \\	heta +i\\\\sin \\	heta )}">
               <semantics>
               <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
               <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
               <mi>z</mi>
               <mo>=</mo>
               <mi>r</mi>
               <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
               <mi>cos</mi>
               <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>
               <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>
               <mo>+</mo>
               <mi>i</mi>
               <mi>sin</mi>
               <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>
               <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>
               <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
               </mstyle>
               </mrow>
               <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle z=r(\\\\cos \\	heta +i\\\\sin \\	heta )}</annotation>
               </semantics>
               </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/350014e34fca54c3ea03a63825d6afa7a743ffa7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:19.996ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\\\\displaystyle z=r(\\\\cos \\	heta +i\\\\sin \\	heta )}"></span>. Il découle de la formule d'Euler que <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle z=re^{i\\	heta }}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>z</mi>         <mo>=</mo>         <mi>r</mi>         <msup>           <mi>e</mi>           <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">             <mi>i</mi>             <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>           </mrow>         </msup>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle z=re^{i\\	heta }}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e5b36ddd965193c2b7d6ea24a7c3678814d0dc8d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:7.889ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="z=re^{{i\\	heta }}"></span>, et donc que la partie réelle de <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle re^{i\\	heta }}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>r</mi>         <msup>           <mi>e</mi>           <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">             <mi>i</mi>             <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>           </mrow>         </msup>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle re^{i\\	heta }}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/304e85daab31cb0b8918d182576f69764bf0b3f3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.703ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="re^{{i\\	heta }}"></span> est <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle r\\\\cos \\	heta }">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mi>r</mi>         <mi>cos</mi>         <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>         <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle r\\\\cos \\	heta }</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/338edc0c1d7412753c5ac9e74635d339c8d01c79" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:6.024ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="r\\\\cos \\	heta "></span>. Les calculs avec des fonctions périodiques réelles comme celles des courants alternatifs et des champs électromagnétiques sont simplifiées par leur notation comme parties réelles de fonctions complexes (comme les phaseurs). De façon semblable, les calculs de trigonométrie peuvent souvent être simplifiés en représentant les sinusoïdes comme la partie réelle d'une expression complexe, sur laquelle on effectue les calculs. Par exemple :  <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\\\\displaystyle {\\egin{aligned}\\\\cos(n\\	heta )+\\\\cos[(n-2)\\	heta ]&amp;=\\\\operatorname {Re} \\\\left\\\\{e^{in\\	heta }+e^{i(n-2)\\	heta }\\ight\\\\}\\\\\\\\&amp;=\\\\operatorname {Re} \\\\left\\\\{(e^{i\\	heta }+e^{-i\\	heta })\\\\cdot e^{i(n-1)\\	heta }\\ight\\\\}\\\\\\\\&amp;=\\\\operatorname {Re} \\\\left\\\\{2\\\\cos(\\	heta )\\\\cdot e^{i(n-1)\\	heta }\\ight\\\\}\\\\\\\\&amp;=2\\\\cos(\\	heta )\\\\cdot \\\\operatorname {Re} \\\\left\\\\{e^{i(n-1)\\	heta }\\ight\\\\}\\\\\\\\&amp;=2\\\\cos(\\	heta )\\\\cdot \\\\cos[(n-1)\\	heta ].\\\\end{aligned}}}">   <semantics>     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">       <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">         <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">           <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true">             <mtr>               <mtd>                 <mi>cos</mi>                 <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>                 <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>                 <mi>n</mi>                 <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                 <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>                 <mo>+</mo>                 <mi>cos</mi>                 <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>                 <mo stretchy="false">[</mo>                 <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>                 <mi>n</mi>                 <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>                 <mn>2</mn>                 <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>                 <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                 <mo stretchy="false">]</mo>               </mtd>               <mtd>                 <mi></mi>                 <mo>=</mo>                 <mi>Re</mi>                 <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>                 <mrow>                   <mo>{</mo>                   <mrow>                     <msup>                       <mi>e</mi>                       <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">                         <mi>i</mi>                         <mi>n</mi>                         <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                       </mrow>                     </msup>                     <mo>+</mo>                     <msup>                       <mi>e</mi>                       <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">                         <mi>i</mi>                         <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>                         <mi>n</mi>                         <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>                         <mn>2</mn>                         <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>                         <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                       </mrow>                     </msup>                   </mrow>                   <mo>}</mo>                 </mrow>               </mtd>             </mtr>             <mtr>               <mtd></mtd>               <mtd>                 <mi></mi>                 <mo>=</mo>                 <mi>Re</mi>                 <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>                 <mrow>                   <mo>{</mo>                   <mrow>                     <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>                     <msup>                       <mi>e</mi>                       <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">                         <mi>i</mi>                         <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                       </mrow>                     </msup>                     <mo>+</mo>                     <msup>                       <mi>e</mi>                       <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">                         <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>                         <mi>i</mi>                         <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                       </mrow>                     </msup>                     <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>                     <mo>⋅<!-- ⋅ --></mo>                     <msup>                       <mi>e</mi>                       <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">                         <mi>i</mi>                         <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>                         <mi>n</mi>                         <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>                         <mn>1</mn>                         <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>                         <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                       </mrow>                     </msup>                   </mrow>                   <mo>}</mo>                 </mrow>               </mtd>             </mtr>             <mtr>               <mtd></mtd>               <mtd>                 <mi></mi>                 <mo>=</mo>                 <mi>Re</mi>                 <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>                 <mrow>                   <mo>{</mo>                   <mrow>                     <mn>2</mn>                     <mi>cos</mi>                     <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>                     <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>                     <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                     <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>                     <mo>⋅<!-- ⋅ --></mo>                     <msup>                       <mi>e</mi>                       <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">                         <mi>i</mi>                         <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>                         <mi>n</mi>                         <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>                         <mn>1</mn>                         <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>                         <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                       </mrow>                     </msup>                   </mrow>                   <mo>}</mo>                 </mrow>               </mtd>             </mtr>             <mtr>               <mtd></mtd>               <mtd>                 <mi></mi>                 <mo>=</mo>                 <mn>2</mn>                 <mi>cos</mi>                 <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>                 <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>                 <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                 <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>                 <mo>⋅<!-- ⋅ --></mo>                 <mi>Re</mi>                 <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>                 <mrow>                   <mo>{</mo>                   <msup>                     <mi>e</mi>                     <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">                       <mi>i</mi>                       <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>                       <mi>n</mi>                       <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>                       <mn>1</mn>                       <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>                       <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                     </mrow>                   </msup>                   <mo>}</mo>                 </mrow>               </mtd>             </mtr>             <mtr>               <mtd></mtd>               <mtd>                 <mi></mi>                 <mo>=</mo>                 <mn>2</mn>                 <mi>cos</mi>                 <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>                 <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>                 <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                 <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>                 <mo>⋅<!-- ⋅ --></mo>                 <mi>cos</mi>                 <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>                 <mo stretchy="false">[</mo>                 <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>                 <mi>n</mi>                 <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>                 <mn>1</mn>                 <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>                 <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>                 <mo stretchy="false">]</mo>                 <mo>.</mo>               </mtd>             </mtr>           </mtable>         </mrow>       </mstyle>     </mrow>     <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\\\\displaystyle {\\egin{aligned}\\\\cos(n\\	heta )+\\\\cos[(n-2)\\	heta ]&amp;=\\\\operatorname {Re} \\\\left\\\\{e^{in\\	heta }+e^{i(n-2)\\	heta }\\ight\\\\}\\\\\\\\&amp;=\\\\operatorname {Re} \\\\left\\\\{(e^{i\\	heta }+e^{-i\\	heta })\\\\cdot e^{i(n-1)\\	heta }\\ight\\\\}\\\\\\\\&amp;=\\\\operatorname {Re} \\\\left\\\\{2\\\\cos(\\	heta )\\\\cdot e^{i(n-1)\\	heta }\\ight\\\\}\\\\\\\\&amp;=2\\\\cos(\\	heta )\\\\cdot \\\\operatorname {Re} \\\\left\\\\{e^{i(n-1)\\	heta }\\ight\\\\}\\\\\\\\&amp;=2\\\\cos(\\	heta )\\\\cdot \\\\cos[(n-1)\\	heta ].\\\\end{aligned}}}</annotation>   </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/555e32a053572f3472a863ff2a4b61c8e2caa310" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -10.671ex; width:52.578ex; height:22.509ex;" alt="{\\egin{aligned}\\\\cos(n\\	heta )+\\\\cos[(n-2)\\	heta ]&amp;=\\\\operatorname {Re}\\\\left\\\\{e^{{in\\	heta }}+e^{{i(n-2)\\	heta }}\\ight\\\\}\\\\\\\\&amp;=\\\\operatorname {Re}\\\\left\\\\{(e^{{i\\	heta }}+e^{{-i\\	heta }})\\\\cdot e^{{i(n-1)\\	heta }}\\ight\\\\}\\\\\\\\&amp;=\\\\operatorname {Re}\\\\left\\\\{2\\\\cos(\\	heta )\\\\cdot e^{{i(n-1)\\	heta }}\\ight\\\\}\\\\\\\\&amp;=2\\\\cos(\\	heta )\\\\cdot \\\\operatorname {Re}\\\\left\\\\{e^{{i(n-1)\\	heta }}\\ight\\\\}\\\\\\\\&amp;=2\\\\cos(\\	heta )\\\\cdot \\\\cos[(n-1)\\	heta ].\\\\end{aligned}}"> 
<br/>(Wikipedia, L'Encylopédie Libre, <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partie_r%C3%A9elle">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partie_r%C3%A9elle</a>)"""@fr, """A complex number is a number of the form <span class="texhtml"><i>a</i> + <i>bi</i></span>, where <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">a</span> and <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">b</span> are real numbers, and <span class="texhtml"><i>i</i></span> is an indeterminate satisfying <span class="texhtml"><i>i</i><sup>2</sup> = −1</span>. For example, <span class="texhtml">2 + 3<i>i</i></span> is a complex number. This way, a complex number is defined as a polynomial with real coefficients in the single indeterminate <span class="texhtml"><i>i</i></span>, for which the relation <span class="texhtml"><i>i</i><sup>2</sup> + 1 = 0</span> is imposed. Based on this definition, complex numbers can be added and multiplied, using the addition and multiplication for polynomials. The relation <span class="texhtml"><i>i</i><sup>2</sup> + 1 = 0</span> induces the equalities <span class="texhtml"><i>i</i><sup>4<i>k</i></sup> = 1, <i>i</i><sup>4<i>k</i>+1</sup> = <i>i</i>, <i>i</i><sup>4<i>k</i>+2</sup> = −1,</span> and <span class="texhtml"><i>i</i><sup>4<i>k</i>+3</sup> = −<i>i</i>,</span> which hold for all integers <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">k</span>; these allow the reduction of any polynomial that results from the addition and multiplication of complex numbers to a linear polynomial in <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">i</span>, again of the form <span class="texhtml"><i>a</i> + <i>bi</i></span> with real coefficients <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">a, b.</span> <br/>The real number <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">a</span> is called the <i>real part</i> of the complex number <span class="texhtml"><i>a</i> + <i>bi</i></span>; the real number <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">b</span> is called its <i>imaginary part</i>. To emphasize, the imaginary part does not include a factor <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">i</span>; that is, the imaginary part is <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">b</span>, not <span class="texhtml"><i>bi</i></span>. 
               <br/>(Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_number#Definition">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_number#Definition</a>)"""@en ;
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  a skos:Concept .

psr: a skos:ConceptScheme .
psr:-PFC2HSVT-Z
  skos:prefLabel "nombre complexe"@fr, "complex number"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower psr:-QJX0PFSZ-1 .

