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imaginary number

An imaginary number is a real number multiplied by the imaginary unit $i$ , which is defined by its property $i 2 = -1$ . The square of an imaginary number $bi$ is $- b 2$ . For example, $5 i$ is an imaginary number, and its square is $-25$ . The number zero is considered to be both real and imaginary. Originally coined in the 17th century by René Descartes as a derogatory term and regarded as fictitious or useless, the concept gained wide acceptance following the work of Leonhard Euler (in the 18th century) and Augustin-Louis Cauchy and Carl Friedrich Gauss (in the early 19th century). An imaginary number $bi$ can be added to a real number $a$ to form a complex number of the form $a + bi$ , where the real numbers $a$ and $b$ are called, respectively, the real part and the imaginary part of the complex number.
(Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaginary_number)

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