Concept information
Preferred term
DRM paradigm
Definition
- The DRM paradigm (for Deese-Roediger-McDermott) was developed by Deese (1959) and popularized by Roediger & McDermott (1995) and consists of asking subjects to study lists of words each designed as follows. Each word in a list (rest, nap, bed, etc.) is associated with another word, named the critical lure that is not presented (sleep). Results show that subjects can recall or recognize the critical lures erroneously and at high rates because of the semantic/thematic connections they share with the studied words. Modified versions of the DRM paradigm are based on phonological associations.
Broader concept
Synonym(s)
- Deese paradigm
- Deese-Roediger-McDermott false memory paradigm
- Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm
- DRM experiment
- DRM false memory paradigm
- DRM procedure
- DRM study
- DRM task
- DRM test
Belongs to group
Bibliographic citation(s)
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• Chang, M., & Brainerd, C. J. (2021). Semantic and phonological false memory: A review of theory and data. Journal of Memory and Language, 119, 104210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104210
• Document type: literature review
• Access: closed
- • Coane, J. H., McBride, D. M., Huff, M. J., Chang, K., Marsh, E. M., & Smith, K. A. (2021). Manipulations of list type in the DRM paradigm : A review of how structural and conceptual similarity affect false memory. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.668550
• Document type: literature review
• Access: open
- • Coburn, P. I., Dogra, K. K., Rai, I. K., & Bernstein, D. M. (2021). The trajectory of targets and critical lures in the Deese/Roediger–Mcdermott paradigm: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.718818
• Document type: literature review
• Access: open
- • Deese, J. (1959). On the prediction of occurence of particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58(1), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046671
• Document type: empirical study
• Access: closed
- • Gallo, D. A. (2006). Associative illusions of memory: false memory research in DRM and related tasks. Psychology Press.
• Document type: literature review
• Access: closed
- • Huff, M. J., Bodner, G. E., & Fawcett, J. M. (2015). Effects of distinctive encoding on correct and false memory: A meta-analytic review of costs and benefits and their origins in the DRM paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 22(2), 349‑365. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-014-0648-8
• Document type: meta-analysis
• Access: open
- • Langevin, S., Sauzéon, H., Taconnat, L., & N’Kaoua, B. (2009). Les fausses reconnaissances induites par les paradigmes DRM, MI et tâches dérivées. L’Année Psychologique, 109(4), 699‑729. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503309004059
{{#each properties}}• Document type: literature review
• Access: open
- • Martin, P., Speranza, M., & Colombel, F. (2025). Creating false memories in children using French word lists. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue Canadienne Des Sciences Du Comportement, 57(1), 66-70. https://doi.org/10.1037/cbs0000403
• Document type: empirical study
• Access: closed
- • Pardilla-Delgado, E., & Payne, J. D. (2017). The Deese-Roediger-Mcdermott (DRM) task : A simple cognitive paradigm to investigate false memories in the laboratory. JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments), 119, e54793. https://doi.org/10.3791/54793
• Document type: literature review
• Access: closed
- • Petilli, M. A., Marelli, M., Mazzoni, G., Marchetti, M., Rinaldi, L., & Gatti, D. (2024). From vector spaces to DRM lists: False Memory Generator, a software for automated generation of lists of stimuli inducing false memories. Behavior Research Methods, 56(4), 3779–3793. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-024-02425-0
• Document type: software description
• Access: open
• Dataset reference: Petilli, M. A., Gatti, D., Marelli, M., & Rinaldi, L. (2024, February 15). False Memory Generator. https://osf.io/gsrfu
- • Roediger, H. L., & McDermott, K. B. (1995). Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21(4), 803–814. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.21.4.803
• Document type: empirical study
• Access: closed
- • Wiechert, S., Proost, D., Simoens, E., Ben-Shakhar, G., Pertzov, Y., & Verschuere, B. (2024). The effect of negative valence on false memory formation in the Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm: A preregistered meta-analysis and preregistered replication. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 153(3), 621–655. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001527
• Document type: empirical study
, meta-analysis, replication• Access: closed
- • Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y
• Document type: empirical study
, replication• Access: open
• Dataset reference: Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Zeelenberg, R., Dijkstra, K., & Paolacci, G. (2017, July 26). Does Repeated Participation Affect Effect Size? An Analysis of 9 Cognitive Psychological Experiments. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/GHV6M
Creator
- Frank Arnould
Study method of
In other languages
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French
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expérience DRM
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paradigme de Deese
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paradigme de Deese-Roediger-McDermott
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procédure DRM
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tâche DRM
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test DRM
URI
http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/P66-TKSCSMHR-8{{/each}}{{label}}
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